Evidence for prevalent Z = 6 magic number in neutron-rich carbon isotopes

D. T. Tran, H. J. Ong (), G. Hagen, T. D. Morris, N. Aoi, T. Suzuki, Y. Kanada-En’yo, L. S. Geng, S. Terashima, I. Tanihata, T. T. Nguyen, Y. Ayyad, P. Y. Chan, M. Fukuda, H. Geissel, M. N. Harakeh, T. Hashimoto, T. H. Hoang, E. Ideguchi, A. Inoue, G. R. Jansen, R. Kanungo, T. Kawabata, L. H. Khiem, W. P. Lin, K. Matsuta, M. Mihara, S. Momota, D. Nagae, N. D. Nguyen, D. Nishimura, T. Otsuka, A. Ozawa, P. P. Ren, H. Sakaguchi, C. Scheidenberger, J. Tanaka, M. Takechi, R. Wada and T. Yamamoto
Additional contact information
D. T. Tran: Osaka University
H. J. Ong: Osaka University
G. Hagen: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
T. D. Morris: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
N. Aoi: Osaka University
T. Suzuki: Nihon University
Y. Kanada-En’yo: Kyoto University
L. S. Geng: Beihang University
S. Terashima: Beihang University
I. Tanihata: Osaka University
T. T. Nguyen: Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine
Y. Ayyad: Osaka University
P. Y. Chan: Osaka University
M. Fukuda: Osaka University
H. Geissel: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
M. N. Harakeh: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
T. Hashimoto: Institute for Basic Science
T. H. Hoang: Osaka University
E. Ideguchi: Osaka University
A. Inoue: Osaka University
G. R. Jansen: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
R. Kanungo: Saint Mary’s University
T. Kawabata: Kyoto University
L. H. Khiem: Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
W. P. Lin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
K. Matsuta: Osaka University
M. Mihara: Osaka University
S. Momota: Kochi University of Technology
D. Nagae: RIKEN Nishina Center
N. D. Nguyen: Dong Nai University
D. Nishimura: Tokyo University of Science
T. Otsuka: University of Tokyo
A. Ozawa: University of Tsukuba
P. P. Ren: Chinese Academy of Sciences
H. Sakaguchi: Osaka University
C. Scheidenberger: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
J. Tanaka: Osaka University
M. Takechi: Niigata University
R. Wada: Chinese Academy of Sciences
T. Yamamoto: Osaka University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract The nuclear shell structure, which originates in the nearly independent motion of nucleons in an average potential, provides an important guide for our understanding of nuclear structure and the underlying nuclear forces. Its most remarkable fingerprint is the existence of the so-called magic numbers of protons and neutrons associated with extra stability. Although the introduction of a phenomenological spin–orbit (SO) coupling force in 1949 helped in explaining the magic numbers, its origins are still open questions. Here, we present experimental evidence for the smallest SO-originated magic number (subshell closure) at the proton number six in 13–20C obtained from systematic analysis of point-proton distribution radii, electromagnetic transition rates and atomic masses of light nuclei. Performing ab initio calculations on 14,15C, we show that the observed proton distribution radii and subshell closure can be explained by the state-of-the-art nuclear theory with chiral nucleon–nucleon and three-nucleon forces, which are rooted in the quantum chromodynamics.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04024-y

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