An effector from the Huanglongbing-associated pathogen targets citrus proteases

Kelley Clark, Jessica Yvette Franco, Simon Schwizer, Zhiqian Pang, Eva Hawara, Thomas W. H. Liebrand, Deborah Pagliaccia, Liping Zeng, Fatta B. Gurung, Pengcheng Wang, Jinxia Shi, Yinsheng Wang, Veronica Ancona, Renier A. L. Hoorn, Nian Wang, Gitta Coaker () and Wenbo Ma ()
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Kelley Clark: University of California
Jessica Yvette Franco: University of California
Simon Schwizer: University of California
Zhiqian Pang: University of Florida
Eva Hawara: University of California
Thomas W. H. Liebrand: University of California
Deborah Pagliaccia: University of California
Liping Zeng: University of California
Fatta B. Gurung: Texas A&M University
Pengcheng Wang: University of California
Jinxia Shi: University of California
Yinsheng Wang: University of California
Veronica Ancona: Texas A&M University
Renier A. L. Hoorn: University of Oxford
Nian Wang: University of Florida
Gitta Coaker: University of California
Wenbo Ma: University of California

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The citrus industry is facing an unprecedented challenge from Huanglongbing (HLB). All cultivars can be affected by the HLB-associated bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) and there is no known resistance. Insight into HLB pathogenesis is urgently needed in order to develop effective management strategies. Here, we use Sec-delivered effector 1 (SDE1), which is conserved in all CLas isolates, as a molecular probe to understand CLas virulence. We show that SDE1 directly interacts with citrus papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) and inhibits protease activity. PLCPs are defense-inducible and exhibit increased protein accumulation in CLas-infected trees, suggesting a role in citrus defense responses. We analyzed PLCP activity in field samples, revealing specific members that increase in abundance but remain unchanged in activity during infection. SDE1-expressing transgenic citrus also exhibit reduced PLCP activity. These data demonstrate that SDE1 inhibits citrus PLCPs, which are immune-related proteases that enhance defense responses in plants.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04140-9

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