Towards ultrafast dynamics with split-pulse X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at free electron laser sources

W. Roseker (), S. O. Hruszkewycz, F. Lehmkühler, M. Walther, H. Schulte-Schrepping, S. Lee, T. Osaka, L. Strüder, R. Hartmann, M. Sikorski, S. Song, A. Robert, P. H. Fuoss, M. Sutton, G. B. Stephenson and G. Grübel
Additional contact information
W. Roseker: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
S. O. Hruszkewycz: Argonne National Laboratory
F. Lehmkühler: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
M. Walther: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
H. Schulte-Schrepping: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
S. Lee: Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science
T. Osaka: Osaka University
L. Strüder: PNSensor GmbH
R. Hartmann: PNSensor GmbH
M. Sikorski: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
S. Song: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
A. Robert: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
P. H. Fuoss: Argonne National Laboratory
M. Sutton: McGill University
G. B. Stephenson: Argonne National Laboratory
G. Grübel: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract One of the important challenges in condensed matter science is to understand ultrafast, atomic-scale fluctuations that dictate dynamic processes in equilibrium and non-equilibrium materials. Here, we report an important step towards reaching that goal by using a state-of-the-art perfect crystal based split-and-delay system, capable of splitting individual X-ray pulses and introducing femtosecond to nanosecond time delays. We show the results of an ultrafast hard X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy experiment at LCLS where split X-ray pulses were used to measure the dynamics of gold nanoparticles suspended in hexane. We show how reliable speckle contrast values can be extracted even from very low intensity free electron laser (FEL) speckle patterns by applying maximum likelihood fitting, thus demonstrating the potential of a split-and-delay approach for dynamics measurements at FEL sources. This will enable the characterization of equilibrium and, importantly also reversible non-equilibrium processes in atomically disordered materials.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04178-9

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