Single-walled carbon-nanohorns improve biocompatibility over nanotubes by triggering less protein-initiated pyroptosis and apoptosis in macrophages

Bing He, Yujie Shi, Yanqin Liang, Anpu Yang, Zhipu Fan, Lan Yuan, Xiajuan Zou, Xin Chang, Hua Zhang, Xueqing Wang, Wenbin Dai, Yiguang Wang and Qiang Zhang ()
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Bing He: Peking University
Yujie Shi: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
Yanqin Liang: Peking University
Anpu Yang: Peking University
Zhipu Fan: Peking University
Lan Yuan: Peking University
Xiajuan Zou: Peking University
Xin Chang: Peking University
Hua Zhang: Peking University
Xueqing Wang: Peking University
Wenbin Dai: Peking University
Yiguang Wang: Peking University
Qiang Zhang: Peking University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Abstract Single-walled carbon-nanohorns (SNH) exhibit huge application prospects. Notably, spherical SNH possess different morphology from conventional carbon nanotubes (CNT). However, there is a tremendous lack of studies on the nanotoxicity and mechanism of SNH, and their comparison with nanotubes. Here, the dissimilarity between SNH and CNT is found in many aspects including necrosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, protein expression, hydrolases leakage, lysosome stress, membrane disturbance and the interaction with membrane proteins. The improved biocompatibility of SNH over four types of established CNT is clearly demonstrated in macrophages. Importantly, a key transmembrane protein, glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is discovered to initiate the nanotoxicity. Compared to CNT, the weaker nano-GPNMB interaction in SNH group induces lower degree of cascade actions from nano/membrane interplay to final cell hypotoxicity. In conclusion, the geometry of single-construct unit, but not that of dispersive forms or intracellular levels of nanocarbons make the most difference.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04700-z

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