Secondary lymphoid organ fibroblastic reticular cells mediate trans-infection of HIV-1 via CD44-hyaluronan interactions

Tomoyuki Murakami, Jiwon Kim, Yi Li, Glenn Edward Green, Ariella Shikanov and Akira Ono ()
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Tomoyuki Murakami: University of Michigan Medical School
Jiwon Kim: University of Michigan
Yi Li: University of Michigan
Glenn Edward Green: University of Michigan Medical School
Ariella Shikanov: University of Michigan
Akira Ono: University of Michigan Medical School

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are stromal cells in secondary lymphoid organs, the major sites for HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells. Although FRCs regulate T cell survival, proliferation, and migration, whether they play any role in HIV-1 spread has not been studied. Here, we show that FRCs enhance HIV-1 spread via trans-infection in which FRCs capture HIV-1 and facilitate infection of T cells that come into contact with FRCs. FRCs mediate trans-infection in both two- and three-dimensional culture systems and in a manner dependent on the virus producer cells. This producer cell dependence, which was also observed for virus spread in secondary lymphoid tissues ex vivo, is accounted for by CD44 incorporated into virus particles and hyaluronan bound to such CD44 molecules. This virus-associated hyaluronan interacts with CD44 expressed on FRCs, thereby promoting virus capture by FRCs. Overall, our results reveal a novel role for FRCs in promoting HIV-1 spread.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04846-w

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