An all-dielectric metasurface as a broadband optical frequency mixer

Sheng Liu, Polina P. Vabishchevich, Aleksandr Vaskin, John L. Reno, Gordon A. Keeler, Michael B. Sinclair, Isabelle Staude and Igal Brener ()
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Sheng Liu: Sandia National Laboratories
Polina P. Vabishchevich: Sandia National Laboratories
Aleksandr Vaskin: Friedrich Schiller University Jena
John L. Reno: Sandia National Laboratories
Gordon A. Keeler: Sandia National Laboratories
Michael B. Sinclair: Sandia National Laboratories
Isabelle Staude: Friedrich Schiller University Jena
Igal Brener: Sandia National Laboratories

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract A frequency mixer is a nonlinear device that combines electromagnetic waves to create waves at new frequencies. Mixers are ubiquitous components in modern radio-frequency technology and microwave signal processing. The development of versatile frequency mixers for optical frequencies remains challenging: such devices generally rely on weak nonlinear optical processes and, thus, must satisfy phase-matching conditions. Here we utilize a GaAs-based dielectric metasurface to demonstrate an optical frequency mixer that concurrently generates eleven new frequencies spanning the ultraviolet to near-infrared. The even and odd order nonlinearities of GaAs enable our observation of second-harmonic, third-harmonic, and fourth-harmonic generation, sum-frequency generation, two-photon absorption-induced photoluminescence, four-wave mixing and six-wave mixing. The simultaneous occurrence of these seven nonlinear processes is assisted by the combined effects of strong intrinsic material nonlinearities, enhanced electromagnetic fields, and relaxed phase-matching requirements. Such ultracompact optical mixers may enable a plethora of applications in biology, chemistry, sensing, communications, and quantum optics.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04944-9

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