Crystal and melt inclusion timescales reveal the evolution of magma migration before eruption

Dawn C. S. Ruth (), Fidel Costa, Caroline Bouvet de Maisonneuve, Luis Franco, Joaquin A. Cortés and Eliza S. Calder
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Dawn C. S. Ruth: State University of New York at Buffalo
Fidel Costa: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue
Caroline Bouvet de Maisonneuve: Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue
Luis Franco: Observatorio Volcanológico de los Andes del Sur, Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería
Joaquin A. Cortés: Edge Hill University
Eliza S. Calder: School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Building, James Hutton Road

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Volatile element concentrations measured in melt inclusions are a key tool used to understand magma migration and degassing, although their original values may be affected by different re-equilibration processes. Additionally, the inclusion-bearing crystals can have a wide range of origins and ages, further complicating the interpretation of magmatic processes. To clarify some of these issues, here we combined olivine diffusion chronometry and melt inclusion data from the 2008 eruption of Llaima volcano (Chile). We found that magma intrusion occurred about 4 years before the eruption at a minimum depth of approximately 8 km. Magma migration and reaction became shallower with time, and about 6 months before the eruption magma reached 3–4 km depth. This can be linked to reported seismicity and ash emissions. Although some ambiguities of interpretation still remain, crystal zoning and melt inclusion studies allow a more complete understanding of magma ascent, degassing, and volcano monitoring data.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05086-8

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