Direct imaging of structural changes induced by ionic liquid gating leading to engineered three-dimensional meso-structures

Bin Cui, Peter Werner, Tianping Ma, Xiaoyan Zhong, Zechao Wang, James Mark Taylor, Yuechen Zhuang and Stuart S. P. Parkin ()
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Bin Cui: Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics
Peter Werner: Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics
Tianping Ma: Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics
Xiaoyan Zhong: Tsinghua University
Zechao Wang: Tsinghua University
James Mark Taylor: Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics
Yuechen Zhuang: Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics
Stuart S. P. Parkin: Max Planck Institute for Microstructure Physics

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The controlled transformation of materials, both their structure and their physical properties, is key to many devices. Ionic liquid gating can induce the transformation of thin-film materials over long distances from the gated surface. Thus, the mechanism underlying this process is of considerable interest. Here we directly image, using in situ, real-time, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, the reversible transformation between the oxygen vacancy ordered phase brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 and the oxygen ordered phase perovskite SrCoO3. We show that the phase transformation boundary moves at a velocity that is highly anisotropic, traveling at speeds ~30 times faster laterally than through the thickness of the film. Taking advantage of this anisotropy, we show that three-dimensional metallic structures such as cylinders and rings can be realized. Our results provide a roadmap to the construction of complex meso-structures from their exterior surfaces.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05330-1

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