AND-1 fork protection function prevents fork resection and is essential for proliferation

Takuya Abe, Ryotaro Kawasumi, Michele Giannattasio, Sabrina Dusi, Yui Yoshimoto, Keiji Miyata, Koyuki Umemura, Kouji Hirota and Dana Branzei ()
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Takuya Abe: IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology
Ryotaro Kawasumi: IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology
Michele Giannattasio: IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology
Sabrina Dusi: IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology
Yui Yoshimoto: Tokyo Metropolitan University
Keiji Miyata: Tokyo Metropolitan University
Koyuki Umemura: Tokyo Metropolitan University
Kouji Hirota: Tokyo Metropolitan University
Dana Branzei: IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract AND-1/Ctf4 bridges the CMG helicase and DNA polymerase alpha, facilitating replication. Using an inducible degron system in avian cells, we find that AND-1 depletion is incompatible with proliferation, owing to cells accumulating in G2 with activated DNA damage checkpoint. Replication without AND-1 causes fork speed slow-down and accumulation of long single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps at the replication fork junction, with these regions being converted to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in G2. Strikingly, resected forks and DNA damage accumulation in G2, but not fork slow-down, are reverted by treatment with mirin, an MRE11 nuclease inhibitor. Domain analysis of AND-1 further revealed that the HMG box is important for fast replication but not for proliferation, whereas conversely, the WD40 domain prevents fork resection and subsequent DSB-associated lethality. Thus, our findings uncover a fork protection function of AND-1/Ctf4 manifested via the WD40 domain that is essential for proliferation and averts genome instability.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05586-7

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