The sulfite oxidase Shopper controls neuronal activity by regulating glutamate homeostasis in Drosophila ensheathing glia

Nils Otto, Zvonimir Marelja, Andreas Schoofs, Holger Kranenburg, Jonas Bittern, Kerem Yildirim, Dimitri Berh, Maria Bethke, Silke Thomas, Sandra Rode, Benjamin Risse, Xiaoyi Jiang, Michael Pankratz, Silke Leimkühler and Christian Klämbt ()
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Nils Otto: Universität Münster
Zvonimir Marelja: University of Potsdam
Andreas Schoofs: University of Bonn
Holger Kranenburg: Universität Münster
Jonas Bittern: Universität Münster
Kerem Yildirim: Universität Münster
Dimitri Berh: Universität Münster
Maria Bethke: Universität Münster
Silke Thomas: Universität Münster
Sandra Rode: Universität Münster
Benjamin Risse: Universität Münster
Xiaoyi Jiang: Universität Münster
Michael Pankratz: University of Bonn
Silke Leimkühler: University of Potsdam
Christian Klämbt: Universität Münster

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Specialized glial subtypes provide support to developing and functioning neural networks. Astrocytes modulate information processing by neurotransmitter recycling and release of neuromodulatory substances, whereas ensheathing glial cells have not been associated with neuromodulatory functions yet. To decipher a possible role of ensheathing glia in neuronal information processing, we screened for glial genes required in the Drosophila central nervous system for normal locomotor behavior. Shopper encodes a mitochondrial sulfite oxidase that is specifically required in ensheathing glia to regulate head bending and peristalsis. shopper mutants show elevated sulfite levels affecting the glutamate homeostasis which then act on neuronal network function. Interestingly, human patients lacking the Shopper homolog SUOX develop neurological symptoms, including seizures. Given an enhanced expression of SUOX by oligodendrocytes, our findings might indicate that in both invertebrates and vertebrates more than one glial cell type may be involved in modulating neuronal activity.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05645-z

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