Two-dimensional type-II Dirac fermions in layered oxides

M. Horio (), C. E. Matt, K. Kramer, D. Sutter, A. M. Cook, Y. Sassa, K. Hauser, M. Månsson, N. C. Plumb, M. Shi, O. J. Lipscombe, S. M. Hayden, T. Neupert and J. Chang ()
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M. Horio: Universität Zürich
C. E. Matt: Universität Zürich
K. Kramer: Universität Zürich
D. Sutter: Universität Zürich
A. M. Cook: Universität Zürich
Y. Sassa: Uppsala University
K. Hauser: Universität Zürich
M. Månsson: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
N. C. Plumb: Paul Scherrer Institut
M. Shi: Paul Scherrer Institut
O. J. Lipscombe: University of Bristol
S. M. Hayden: University of Bristol
T. Neupert: Universität Zürich
J. Chang: Universität Zürich

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Relativistic massless Dirac fermions can be probed with high-energy physics experiments, but appear also as low-energy quasi-particle excitations in electronic band structures. In condensed matter systems, their massless nature can be protected by crystal symmetries. Classification of such symmetry-protected relativistic band degeneracies has been fruitful, although many of the predicted quasi-particles still await their experimental discovery. Here we reveal, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, the existence of two-dimensional type-II Dirac fermions in the high-temperature superconductor La1.77Sr0.23CuO4. The Dirac point, constituting the crossing of $$d_{x^2 - y^2}$$ d x 2 - y 2 and $$d_{z^2}$$ d z 2 bands, is found approximately one electronvolt below the Fermi level (EF) and is protected by mirror symmetry. If spin-orbit coupling is considered, the Dirac point degeneracy is lifted and the bands acquire a topologically non-trivial character. In certain nickelate systems, band structure calculations suggest that the same type-II Dirac fermions can be realised near EF.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05715-2

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