Solubility-mediated sustained release enabling nitrate additive in carbonate electrolytes for stable lithium metal anode

Yayuan Liu, Dingchang Lin, Yuzhang Li, Guangxu Chen, Allen Pei, Oliver Nix, Yanbin Li and Yi Cui ()
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Yayuan Liu: Stanford University
Dingchang Lin: Stanford University
Yuzhang Li: Stanford University
Guangxu Chen: Stanford University
Allen Pei: Stanford University
Oliver Nix: Stanford University
Yanbin Li: Stanford University
Yi Cui: Stanford University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The physiochemical properties of the solid-electrolyte interphase, primarily governed by electrolyte composition, have a profound impact on the electrochemical cycling of metallic lithium. Herein, we discover that the effect of nitrate anions on regulating lithium deposition previously known in ether-based electrolytes can be extended to carbonate-based systems, which dramatically alters the nuclei from dendritic to spherical, albeit extremely limited solubility. This is attributed to the preferential reduction of nitrate during solid-electrolyte interphase formation, and the mechanisms behind which are investigated based on the structure, ion-transport properties, and charge transfer kinetics of the modified interfacial environment. To overcome the solubility barrier, a solubility-mediated sustained-release methodology is introduced, in which nitrate nanoparticles are encapsulated in porous polymer gel and can be steadily dissolved during battery operation to maintain a high concentration at the electroplating front. As such, effective dendrite suppression and remarkably enhanced cycling stability are achieved in corrosive carbonate electrolytes.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06077-5

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