Complex virome in feces from Amerindian children in isolated Amazonian villages

Juliana D. Siqueira, Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello, Monica Contreras, Orlana Lander, Hortensia Caballero-Arias, Deng Xutao, Oscar Noya-Alarcon and Eric Delwart ()
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Juliana D. Siqueira: Blood Systems Research Institute
Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello: Rutgers University
Monica Contreras: Center for Biophysics and Biochemistry, Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research (IVIC)
Orlana Lander: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Hortensia Caballero-Arias: Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research (IVIC)
Deng Xutao: Blood Systems Research Institute
Oscar Noya-Alarcon: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Eric Delwart: Blood Systems Research Institute

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The number of viruses circulating in small isolated human populations may be reduced by viral extinctions and rare introductions. Here we used viral metagenomics to characterize the eukaryotic virome in feces from healthy children from a large urban center and from three Amerindian villages with minimal outside contact. Numerous human enteric viruses, mainly from the Picornaviridae and Caliciviridae families, were sequenced from each of the sites. Multiple children from the same villages shed closely related viruses reflecting frequent transmission clusters. Feces of isolated villagers also contained multiple viral genomes of unknown cellular origin from the Picornavirales order and CRESS-DNA group and higher levels of nematode and protozoan DNA. Despite cultural and geographic isolation, the diversity of enteric human viruses was therefore not reduced in these Amazonian villages. Frequent viral introductions and/or increased susceptibility to enteric infections may account for the complex fecal virome of Amerindian children in isolated villages.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06502-9

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