Therapeutic faecal microbiota transplantation controls intestinal inflammation through IL10 secretion by immune cells

Claudia Burrello, Federica Garavaglia, Fulvia Milena Cribiù, Giulia Ercoli, Gianluca Lopez, Jacopo Troisi, Angelo Colucci, Silvia Guglietta, Sara Carloni, Simone Guglielmetti, Valentina Taverniti, Giulia Nizzoli, Silvano Bosari, Flavio Caprioli, Maria Rescigno and Federica Facciotti ()
Additional contact information
Claudia Burrello: European Institute of Oncology IRCCS
Federica Garavaglia: European Institute of Oncology IRCCS
Fulvia Milena Cribiù: Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Giulia Ercoli: Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Gianluca Lopez: Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Jacopo Troisi: University of Salerno
Angelo Colucci: University of Salerno
Silvia Guglietta: European Institute of Oncology IRCCS
Sara Carloni: Humanitas Clinical and Research Center
Simone Guglielmetti: Università degli Studi di Milano
Valentina Taverniti: Università degli Studi di Milano
Giulia Nizzoli: Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Silvano Bosari: Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Flavio Caprioli: Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Maria Rescigno: Humanitas Clinical and Research Center
Federica Facciotti: European Institute of Oncology IRCCS

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Alteration of the gut microbiota has been associated with different gastrointestinal disorders. Normobiosis restoration by faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered a promising therapeutic approach, even if the mechanisms underlying its efficacy are at present largely unknown. Here we sought to elucidate the functional effects of therapeutic FMT administration during experimental colitis on innate and adaptive immune responses in the intestinal mucosa. We show that therapeutic FMT reduces colonic inflammation and initiates the restoration of intestinal homeostasis through the simultaneous activation of different immune-mediated pathways, ultimately leading to IL-10 production by innate and adaptive immune cells, including CD4+ T cells, iNKT cells and Antigen Presenting Cells (APC), and reduces the ability of dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages to present MHCII-dependent bacterial antigens to colonic T cells. These results demonstrate the capability of FMT to therapeutically control intestinal experimental colitis and poses FMT as a valuable therapeutic option in immune-related pathologies.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07359-8

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