X-ray rheography uncovers planar granular flows despite non-planar walls

James Baker, François Guillard, Benjy Marks and Itai Einav ()
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James Baker: The University of Sydney
François Guillard: The University of Sydney
Benjy Marks: The University of Sydney
Itai Einav: The University of Sydney

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Extremely useful techniques exist to observe the interior of deforming opaque materials, but these methods either require that the sample is replaced with a model material or that the motion is stopped intermittently. For example, X-ray computed tomography cannot measure the continuous flow of materials due to the significant scanning time required for density reconstruction. Here we resolve this technological gap with an alternative X-ray method that does not require such tomographs. Instead our approach uses correlation analysis of successive high-speed radiographs from just three directions to directly reconstruct three-dimensional velocities. When demonstrated on a steady granular system, we discover a compressible flow field that has planar streamlines despite curved confining boundaries, in surprising contrast to Newtonian fluids. More generally, our new X-ray technique can be applied using synchronous source/detector pairs to investigate transient phenomena in various soft matter such as biological tissues, geomaterials and foams.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07628-6

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