Closed-loop functional optogenetic stimulation

Shriya S. Srinivasan (), Benjamin E. Maimon, Maurizio Diaz, Hyungeun Song and Hugh M. Herr ()
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Shriya S. Srinivasan: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Benjamin E. Maimon: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Maurizio Diaz: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Hyungeun Song: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Hugh M. Herr: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Optogenetics has been used to orchestrate temporal- and tissue-specific control of neural tissues and offers a wealth of unique advantages for neuromuscular control. Here, we establish a closed-loop functional optogenetic stimulation (CL-FOS) system to control ankle joint position in murine models. Using the measurement of either joint angle or fascicle length as a feedback signal, we compare the controllability of CL-FOS to closed-loop functional electrical stimulation (CL-FES) and demonstrate significantly greater accuracy, lower rise times and lower overshoot percentages. We demonstrate orderly recruitment of motor units and reduced fatigue when performing cyclical movements with CL-FOS compared with CL-FES. We develop and investigate a 3-phase, photo-kinetic model to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for temporal variations in optogenetically activated neuromusculature during closed-loop control experiments. Methods and insights from this study lay the groundwork for the development of closed-loop optogenetic neuromuscular stimulation therapies and devices for peripheral limb control.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07721-w

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