Bioconjugation strategy for cell surface labelling with gold nanostructures designed for highly localized pH measurement

Leonardo Puppulin (), Shigekuni Hosogi, Hongxin Sun, Kazuhiko Matsuo, Toshio Inui, Yasuaki Kumamoto, Toshinobu Suzaki, Hideo Tanaka and Yoshinori Marunaka ()
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Leonardo Puppulin: Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji
Shigekuni Hosogi: Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji
Hongxin Sun: Ritsumeikan University
Kazuhiko Matsuo: Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji
Toshio Inui: Ritsumeikan University
Yasuaki Kumamoto: Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji
Toshinobu Suzaki: Kobe University
Hideo Tanaka: Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji
Yoshinori Marunaka: Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Regulation of intracellular pH is critically important for many cellular functions. The quantification of proton extrusion in different types of cells and physiological conditions is pivotal to fully elucidate the mechanisms of pH homeostasis. Here we show the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) to create a high spatial resolution sensor for measuring extracellular pH in proximity of the cell membrane. We test the sensor on HepG2 liver cancer cells and MKN28 gastric cancer cells before and after inhibition of Na+/H+ exchanger. The gold surface conjugation strategy is conceived with a twofold purpose: i) to anchor the AuNP to the membrane proteins and ii) to quantify the local pH from AuNP using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The nanometer size of the cell membrane anchored sensor and the use of SERS enable us to visualize highly localized variation of pH induced by H+ extrusion, which is particularly upregulated in cancer cells.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07726-5

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