Topological one-way fiber of second Chern number

Ling Lu (), Haozhe Gao and Zhong Wang ()
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Ling Lu: Chinese Academy of Sciences/Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
Haozhe Gao: Chinese Academy of Sciences/Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
Zhong Wang: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2018, vol. 9, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract One-way waveguides have been discovered as topological edge states in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals. Here, we design one-way fiber modes in a 3D magnetic Weyl photonic crystal realizable at microwave frequencies. We first obtain a 3D Chern crystal with a non-zero first Chern number by annihilating the Weyl points through supercell modulation. When the modulation becomes helixes, one-way modes develop along the winding axis, with the number of modes determined by the spatial frequency of the helix. These single-polarization single-mode and multi-mode one-way fibers, having nearly identical group and phase velocities, are topologically-protected by the second Chern number in the 4D parameter space of the 3D wavevectors plus the winding angle of the helix. This work suggests a unique way to utilize high-dimensional topological physics using topological defects.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07817-3

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