Determining the bonding–degradation trade-off at heterointerfaces for increased efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

Jinxi Chen, Xi Wang, Tao Wang, Jia Li, Hou Yi Chia, Haoming Liang, Shibo Xi, Shunchang Liu, Xiao Guo, Renjun Guo, Zhenrong Jia, Xinxing Yin, Qilin Zhou, Yuduan Wang, Zhuojie Shi, Haoyu Zhou, Donny Lai, Mingsheng Zhang, Zhenxiang Xing, Wan Ru Leow, Wentao Yan and Yi Hou ()
Additional contact information
Jinxi Chen: National University of Singapore
Xi Wang: National University of Singapore
Tao Wang: National University of Singapore
Jia Li: National University of Singapore
Hou Yi Chia: National University of Singapore
Haoming Liang: National University of Singapore
Shibo Xi: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Shunchang Liu: National University of Singapore
Xiao Guo: National University of Singapore
Renjun Guo: National University of Singapore
Zhenrong Jia: National University of Singapore
Xinxing Yin: Jiaxing University
Qilin Zhou: National University of Singapore
Yuduan Wang: National University of Singapore
Zhuojie Shi: National University of Singapore
Haoyu Zhou: National University of Singapore
Donny Lai: National University of Singapore
Mingsheng Zhang: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Zhenxiang Xing: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Wan Ru Leow: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Wentao Yan: National University of Singapore
Yi Hou: National University of Singapore

Nature Energy, 2025, vol. 10, issue 2, 181-190

Abstract: Abstract The heterointerfaces between perovskite and charge-transporting layers pose a major limitation to the durability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), largely due to complex and conflicting chemical and mechanical interactions. Here we introduce an effective debonding technique to thoroughly analyse heterointerface behaviour during both crystal growth and ageing phases of PSCs. Our analysis reveals a strong correlation between interface bonding (fracture energy ranging from ~2.49 J m−2 to ~0.38 J m−2), proton transfer interactions and degradation, highlighting a critical trade-off between mechanical and chemical stability in PSCs. To address these stability challenges, we mixed Me-4PACz and DCZ-4P molecules, which introduced additional phosphonic acid anchoring groups to enhance bonding at both the metal oxide and the perovskite interfaces. With a high efficiency of 25.6%, the devices retained 90% of their initial performance after 1,000 h of testing under ISOS-L-1I and ISOS-D-2I standard protocols. Under thermal cycling conditions, our PSCs sustained 95% of their efficiency over 500 cycles, exceeding the IEC 61215 and ISOS-T-3I standards.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01680-x

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