Inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with 25.1% certified efficiency via bottom contact modulation

Yu Han, Jiehao Fu, Zhiwei Ren (), Jiangsheng Yu, Qiong Liang, Zhihang Xu, Xiyun Xie, Dongyang Li, Ruijie Ma, Menghua Cao, Yonggui Sun, Chen Yang, Jiaqi He, Xiaoming Chang, Kuan Liu, Patrick W. K. Fong, Jiaming Huang, Heng Liu, Zhike Liu, Dongfang Xu, Lei Cheng, Jiyao Zhang, Guang Yang, Xinhui Lu, Ye Zhu, Qidong Tai, Qianqian Lin, Hanlin Hu, Yang Yang () and Gang Li ()
Additional contact information
Yu Han: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jiehao Fu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Zhiwei Ren: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jiangsheng Yu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Qiong Liang: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Zhihang Xu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Xiyun Xie: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Dongyang Li: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Ruijie Ma: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Menghua Cao: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Yonggui Sun: Shenzhen Polytechnic
Chen Yang: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jiaqi He: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Xiaoming Chang: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Kuan Liu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Patrick W. K. Fong: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jiaming Huang: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Heng Liu: The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Zhike Liu: Shaanxi Normal University
Dongfang Xu: Shaanxi Normal University
Lei Cheng: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jiyao Zhang: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Guang Yang: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Xinhui Lu: The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Ye Zhu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Qidong Tai: Wuhan University
Qianqian Lin: Wuhan University
Hanlin Hu: Shenzhen Polytechnic
Yang Yang: University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
Gang Li: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Nature Energy, 2025, vol. 10, issue 4, 513-525

Abstract: Abstract Wide-bandgap perovskites in monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells face challenges such as unregulated crystallization, severe defect traps, poor energetic alignment and undesirable phase transitions, primarily due to unfavourable bottom interfacial contact. These issues lead to energy loss and device degradation. In this Article, we synthesize acidic magnesium-doped tin oxide quantum dots to modulate the bottom interface contact in wide-bandgap CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells. This design balances physical, chemical, structural and energetic properties, passivating defects, optimizing energy band alignment, enhancing perovskite film growth and mitigating instability. We also elucidate the instability mechanism caused by alkaline-based tin oxide bottom contact, emphasizing the impact of the tin oxide solution’s acid/base properties on the stability and performance of the device. Consequently, the wide-bandgap CsPbI2Br solar cell achieves a power conversion efficiency of 19.2% with a 1.44 V open-circuit voltage. The perovskite/organic tandem solar cell demonstrates an efficiency of 25.9% (certified at 25.1%), with improved stability under various conditions.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01742-8

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