An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs

Kwan-Soo Lee, Jacob S. Spendelow, Yoong-Kee Choe, Cy Fujimoto and Yu Seung Kim ()
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Kwan-Soo Lee: MPA-11: Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Jacob S. Spendelow: MPA-11: Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Yoong-Kee Choe: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology
Cy Fujimoto: Organic Materials Science, Sandia National Laboratory
Yu Seung Kim: MPA-11: Materials Synthesis and Integrated Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory

Nature Energy, 2016, vol. 1, issue 9, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Fuel cells are promising devices for clean power generation in a variety of economically and environmentally significant applications. Low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells utilizing Nafion require a high level of hydration, which limits the operating temperature to less than 100 ∘C. In contrast, high-temperature PEM fuel cells utilizing phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole can operate effectively up to 180 ∘C; however, these devices degrade when exposed to water below 140 ∘C. Here we present a different class of PEM fuel cells based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs that can operate under conditions unattainable with existing fuel cell technologies. These fuel cells exhibit stable performance at 80–160 ∘C with a conductivity decay rate more than three orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial high-temperature PEM fuel cell. By increasing the operational flexibility, this class of fuel cell can simplify the requirements for heat and water management, and potentially reduce the costs associated with the existing fully functional fuel cell systems.

Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2016.120

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