Lithium-free transition metal monoxides for positive electrodes in lithium-ion batteries

Sung-Kyun Jung, Hyunchul Kim, Min Gee Cho, Sung-Pyo Cho, Byungju Lee, Hyungsub Kim, Young-Uk Park, Jihyun Hong, Kyu-Young Park, Gabin Yoon, Won Mo Seong, Yongbeom Cho, Myoung Hwan Oh, Haegyeom Kim, Hyeokjo Gwon, Insang Hwang, Taeghwan Hyeon, Won-Sub Yoon () and Kisuk Kang ()
Additional contact information
Sung-Kyun Jung: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Hyunchul Kim: Sungkyunkwan University
Min Gee Cho: Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
Sung-Pyo Cho: National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities, Seoul National University
Byungju Lee: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Hyungsub Kim: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Young-Uk Park: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Jihyun Hong: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Kyu-Young Park: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Gabin Yoon: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Won Mo Seong: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Yongbeom Cho: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Myoung Hwan Oh: University of California
Haegyeom Kim: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Hyeokjo Gwon: KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
Insang Hwang: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University
Taeghwan Hyeon: Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
Won-Sub Yoon: Sungkyunkwan University
Kisuk Kang: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University

Nature Energy, 2017, vol. 2, issue 2, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Lithium-ion batteries based on intercalation compounds have dominated the advanced portable energy storage market. The positive electrode materials in these batteries belong to a material group of lithium-conducting crystals that contain redox-active transition metal and lithium. Materials without lithium-conducting paths or lithium-free compounds could be rarely used as positive electrodes due to the incapability of reversible lithium intercalation or the necessity of using metallic lithium as negative electrodes. These constraints have significantly limited the choice of materials and retarded the development of new positive electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. Here, we demonstrate that lithium-free transition metal monoxides that do not contain lithium-conducting paths in their crystal structure can be converted into high-capacity positive electrodes in the electrochemical cell by initially decorating the monoxide surface with nanosized lithium fluoride. This unusual electrochemical behaviour is attributed to a surface conversion reaction mechanism in contrast with the classic lithium intercalation reaction. Our findings will offer a potential new path in the design of positive electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2016.208

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