Ultra-high-rate pseudocapacitive energy storage in two-dimensional transition metal carbides

Maria R. Lukatskaya, Sankalp Kota, Zifeng Lin, Meng-Qiang Zhao, Netanel Shpigel, Mikhael D. Levi, Joseph Halim, Pierre-Louis Taberna, Michel W. Barsoum, Patrice Simon () and Yury Gogotsi ()
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Maria R. Lukatskaya: A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University
Sankalp Kota: Drexel University
Zifeng Lin: CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085, Université Paul Sabatier
Meng-Qiang Zhao: A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University
Netanel Shpigel: Bar-Ilan University
Mikhael D. Levi: Bar-Ilan University
Joseph Halim: A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University
Pierre-Louis Taberna: CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085, Université Paul Sabatier
Michel W. Barsoum: Drexel University
Patrice Simon: CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085, Université Paul Sabatier
Yury Gogotsi: A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University

Nature Energy, 2017, vol. 2, issue 8, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract The use of fast surface redox storage (pseudocapacitive) mechanisms can enable devices that store much more energy than electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and, unlike batteries, can do so quite rapidly. Yet, few pseudocapacitive transition metal oxides can provide a high power capability due to their low intrinsic electronic and ionic conductivity. Here we demonstrate that two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) can operate at rates exceeding those of conventional EDLCs, but still provide higher volumetric and areal capacitance than carbon, electrically conducting polymers or transition metal oxides. We applied two distinct designs for MXene electrode architectures with improved ion accessibility to redox-active sites. A macroporous Ti3C2Tx MXene film delivered up to 210 F g−1 at scan rates of 10 V s−1, surpassing the best carbon supercapacitors known. In contrast, we show that MXene hydrogels are able to deliver volumetric capacitance of ∼1,500 F cm−3 reaching the previously unmatched volumetric performance of RuO2.

Date: 2017
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DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2017.105

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