Faradaically selective membrane for liquid metal displacement batteries

Huayi Yin, Brice Chung, Fei Chen, Takanari Ouchi, Ji Zhao, Nobuyuki Tanaka and Donald R. Sadoway ()
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Huayi Yin: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Brice Chung: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Fei Chen: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Takanari Ouchi: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Ji Zhao: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Nobuyuki Tanaka: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Donald R. Sadoway: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Nature Energy, 2018, vol. 3, issue 2, 127-131

Abstract: Abstract In the realm of stationary energy storage, a plurality of candidate chemistries continues to vie for acceptance, among them the Na–NiCl2 displacement battery, which has eluded widespread adoption owing to the fragility of the β″-Al2O3 membrane. Here we report a porous electronically conductive membrane, which achieves chemical selectivity by preferred faradaic reaction instead of by regulated ionic conduction. Fitted with a porous membrane of TiN, a displacement cell comprising a liquid Pb positive electrode, a liquid Li–Pb negative electrode and a molten-salt electrolyte of PbCl2 dissolved in LiCl–KCl eutectic was cycled at a current density of 150 mA cm−2 at a temperature of 410 °C and exhibited a coulombic efficiency of 92% and a round-trip energy efficiency of 71%. As an indication of industrial scalability, we show comparable performance in a cell fitted with a faradaic membrane fashioned out of porous metal.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-017-0072-1

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