Direct air capture of CO2 via aqueous-phase absorption and crystalline-phase release using concentrated solar power

Flavien M. Brethomé, Neil J. Williams, Charles A. Seipp, Michelle K. Kidder and Radu Custelcean ()
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Flavien M. Brethomé: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Neil J. Williams: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Charles A. Seipp: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Michelle K. Kidder: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Radu Custelcean: Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Nature Energy, 2018, vol. 3, issue 7, 553-559

Abstract: Abstract Using negative emissions technologies for the net removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere could provide a pathway to limit global temperature rises. Direct air capture of carbon dioxide offers the prospect of permanently lowering the atmospheric CO2 concentration, providing that economical and energy-efficient technologies can be developed and deployed on a large scale. Here, we report an approach to direct air capture, at the laboratory scale, using mostly off-the-shelf materials and equipment. First, CO2 absorption is achieved with readily available and environmentally friendly aqueous amino acid solutions (glycine and sarcosine) using a household humidifier. The CO2-loaded solutions are then reacted with a simple guanidine compound, which crystallizes as a very insoluble carbonate salt and regenerates the amino acid sorbent. Finally, effective CO2 release and near-quantitative regeneration of the guanidine compound are achieved by relatively mild heating of the carbonate crystals using concentrated solar power.

Date: 2018
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-018-0150-z

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