Monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells with 24.8% efficiency exploiting comproportionation to suppress Sn(ii) oxidation in precursor ink

Renxing Lin, Ke Xiao, Zhengyuan Qin, Qiaolei Han, Chunfeng Zhang (), Mingyang Wei, Makhsud I. Saidaminov, Yuan Gao, Jun Xu, Min Xiao, Aidong Li, Jia Zhu (), Edward H. Sargent and Hairen Tan ()
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Renxing Lin: Nanjing University
Ke Xiao: Nanjing University
Zhengyuan Qin: Nanjing University
Qiaolei Han: Nanjing University
Chunfeng Zhang: Nanjing University
Mingyang Wei: University of Toronto
Makhsud I. Saidaminov: University of Toronto
Yuan Gao: Nanjing University
Jun Xu: Nanjing University
Min Xiao: Nanjing University
Aidong Li: Nanjing University
Jia Zhu: Nanjing University
Edward H. Sargent: University of Toronto
Hairen Tan: Nanjing University

Nature Energy, 2019, vol. 4, issue 10, 864-873

Abstract: Abstract Combining wide-bandgap and narrow-bandgap perovskites to construct monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells offers avenues for continued increases in photovoltaic (PV) power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, actual efficiencies today are diminished by the subpar performance of narrow-bandgap subcells. Here we report a strategy to reduce Sn vacancies in mixed Pb–Sn narrow-bandgap perovskites that use metallic tin to reduce the Sn4+ (an oxidation product of Sn2+) to Sn2+ via a comproportionation reaction. We increase, thereby, the charge-carrier diffusion length in narrow-bandgap perovskites to 3 μm for the best materials. We obtain a PCE of 21.1% for 1.22-eV narrow-bandgap solar cells. We fabricate monolithic all-perovskite tandem cells with certified PCEs of 24.8% for small-area devices (0.049 cm2) and of 22.1% for large-area devices (1.05 cm2). The tandem cells retain 90% of their performance following 463 h of operation at the maximum power point under full 1-sun illumination.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0466-3

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