Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes

Xuehang Wang, Tyler S. Mathis, Ke Li, Zifeng Lin, Lukas Vlcek, Takeshi Torita, Naresh C. Osti, Christine Hatter, Patrick Urbankowski, Asia Sarycheva, Madhusudan Tyagi, Eugene Mamontov, Patrice Simon and Yury Gogotsi ()
Additional contact information
Xuehang Wang: Drexel University
Tyler S. Mathis: Drexel University
Ke Li: Drexel University
Zifeng Lin: Université Paul Sabatier
Lukas Vlcek: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Takeshi Torita: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd
Naresh C. Osti: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Christine Hatter: Drexel University
Patrick Urbankowski: Drexel University
Asia Sarycheva: Drexel University
Madhusudan Tyagi: National Institute of Standards and Technology
Eugene Mamontov: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Patrice Simon: Université Paul Sabatier
Yury Gogotsi: Drexel University

Nature Energy, 2019, vol. 4, issue 3, 241-248

Abstract: Abstract Pseudocapacitive energy storage in supercapacitor electrodes differs significantly from the electrical double-layer mechanism of porous carbon materials, which requires a change from conventional thinking when choosing appropriate electrolytes. Here we show how simply changing the solvent of an electrolyte system can drastically influence the pseudocapacitive charge storage of the two-dimensional titanium carbide, Ti3C2 (a representative member of the MXene family). Measurements of the charge stored by Ti3C2 in lithium-containing electrolytes with nitrile-, carbonate- and sulfoxide-based solvents show that the use of a carbonate solvent doubles the charge stored by Ti3C2 when compared with the other solvent systems. We find that the chemical nature of the electrolyte solvent has a profound effect on the arrangement of molecules/ions in Ti3C2, which correlates directly to the total charge being stored. Having nearly completely desolvated lithium ions in Ti3C2 for the carbonate-based electrolyte leads to high volumetric capacitance at high charge–discharge rates, demonstrating the importance of considering all aspects of an electrochemical system during development.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0339-9

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