Building ultraconformal protective layers on both secondary and primary particles of layered lithium transition metal oxide cathodes

Gui-Liang Xu, Qiang Liu, Kenneth K. S. Lau, Yuzi Liu, Xiang Liu, Han Gao, Xinwei Zhou, Minghao Zhuang, Yang Ren, Jiadong Li, Minhua Shao, Minggao Ouyang, Feng Pan, Zonghai Chen, Khalil Amine () and Guohua Chen ()
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Gui-Liang Xu: Argonne National Laboratory
Qiang Liu: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Kenneth K. S. Lau: Drexel University
Yuzi Liu: Argonne National Laboratory
Xiang Liu: Argonne National Laboratory
Han Gao: Argonne National Laboratory
Xinwei Zhou: Argonne National Laboratory
Minghao Zhuang: Argonne National Laboratory
Yang Ren: Argonne National Laboratory
Jiadong Li: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Minhua Shao: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Minggao Ouyang: Tsinghua University
Feng Pan: Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School
Zonghai Chen: Argonne National Laboratory
Khalil Amine: Argonne National Laboratory
Guohua Chen: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Nature Energy, 2019, vol. 4, issue 6, 484-494

Abstract: Abstract Despite their relatively high capacity, layered lithium transition metal oxides suffer from crystal and interfacial structural instability under aggressive electrochemical and thermal driving forces, leading to rapid performance degradation and severe safety concerns. Here we report a transformative approach using an oxidative chemical vapour deposition technique to build a protective conductive polymer (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) skin on layered oxide cathode materials. The ultraconformal poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) skin facilitates the transport of lithium ions and electrons, significantly suppresses the undesired layered to spinel/rock-salt phase transformation and the associated oxygen loss, mitigates intergranular and intragranular mechanical cracking, and effectively stabilizes the cathode–electrolyte interface. This approach remarkably enhances the capacity and thermal stability under high-voltage operation. Building a protective skin at both secondary and primary particle levels of layered oxides offers a promising design strategy for Ni-rich cathodes towards high-energy, long-life and safe lithium-ion batteries.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0387-1

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