Quantification of reversible and irreversible lithium in practical lithium-metal batteries

Wei Deng, Xue Yin, Wurigumula Bao, Xufeng Zhou (), Zhiyuan Hu, Bangyi He, Bao Qiu, Ying Shirley Meng () and Zhaoping Liu ()
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Wei Deng: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Xue Yin: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Wurigumula Bao: University of California
Xufeng Zhou: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Zhiyuan Hu: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Bangyi He: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Bao Qiu: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Ying Shirley Meng: University of California
Zhaoping Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

Nature Energy, 2022, vol. 7, issue 11, 1031-1041

Abstract: Abstract Accurate assessment of the reversibility of electrodes is crucial for battery performance evaluations. However, it is challenging to acquire the true reversibility of the Li anode in lithium-metal batteries, mainly because an excessive amount of Li is commonly used. Here we propose an analytic approach to quantitatively evaluate the reversibility of practical lithium-metal batteries. We identify key parameters that govern the anode reversibility and subsequently establish their relationship with the cycle number by considering the mass of active and inactive Li of the cycled Li anode. Using this method, we show that the mass of active Li can be quantitatively distinguished from the mass of inactive Li of the cycled anodes in Amp hour-level pouch cells. This work opens an avenue for accurately assessing degradation and failure in lithium-metal batteries.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-022-01120-8

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