Protonated phosphonic acid electrodes for high power heavy-duty vehicle fuel cells

Katie H. Lim, Albert S. Lee, Vladimir Atanasov, Jochen Kerres, Eun Joo Park, Santosh Adhikari, Sandip Maurya, Luis Delfin Manriquez, Jiyoon Jung, Cy Fujimoto, Ivana Matanovic, Jasna Jankovic, Zhendong Hu, Hongfei Jia and Yu Seung Kim ()
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Katie H. Lim: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Albert S. Lee: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Vladimir Atanasov: University of Stuttgart
Jochen Kerres: University of Stuttgart
Eun Joo Park: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Santosh Adhikari: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Sandip Maurya: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Luis Delfin Manriquez: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Jiyoon Jung: Korea Institute of Science and Technology
Cy Fujimoto: Sandia National Laboratories
Ivana Matanovic: The University of New Mexico
Jasna Jankovic: University of Connecticut
Zhendong Hu: Toyota Research Institute of North America
Hongfei Jia: Toyota Research Institute of North America
Yu Seung Kim: Los Alamos National Laboratory

Nature Energy, 2022, vol. 7, issue 3, 248-259

Abstract: Abstract State-of-the-art automotive fuel cells that operate at about 80 °C require large radiators and air intakes to avoid overheating. High-temperature fuel cells that operate above 100 °C under anhydrous conditions provide an ideal solution for heat rejection in heavy-duty vehicle applications. Here we report protonated phosphonic acid electrodes that remarkably improve the performance of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The protonated phosphonic acids comprise tetrafluorostyrene-phosphonic acid and perfluorosulfonic acid polymers, where a perfluorosulfonic acid proton is transferred to the phosphonic acid to enhance the anhydrous proton conduction of fuel cell electrodes. By using this material in fuel cell electrodes, we obtained a fuel cell exhibiting a rated power density of 780 mW cm–2 at 160 °C, with minimal degradation during 2,500 h of operation and 700 thermal cycles from 40 to 160 °C under load.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-021-00971-x

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