In situ growth of graphene on both sides of a Cu–Ni alloy electrode for perovskite solar cells with improved stability

Xuesong Lin, Hongzhen Su, Sifan He, Yenan Song, Yanbo Wang (), Zhenzhen Qin, Yongzhen Wu, Xudong Yang, Qifeng Han, Junfeng Fang, Yiqiang Zhang, Hiroshi Segawa, Michael Grätzel and Liyuan Han ()
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Xuesong Lin: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Hongzhen Su: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Sifan He: East China Normal University
Yenan Song: East China Normal University
Yanbo Wang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Zhenzhen Qin: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Yongzhen Wu: East China University of Science and Technology
Xudong Yang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Qifeng Han: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Junfeng Fang: East China Normal University
Yiqiang Zhang: Zhengzhou University
Hiroshi Segawa: University of Tokyo
Michael Grätzel: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Liyuan Han: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Nature Energy, 2022, vol. 7, issue 6, 520-527

Abstract: Abstract The instability of rear electrodes undermines the long-term operational durability of efficient perovskite solar cells. Here, a composite electrode of copper–nickel (Cu–Ni) alloy stabilized by in situ grown bifacial graphene is designed. The alloying makes the work function of Cu suitable for regular perovskite solar cells. Cu–Ni is the ideal substrate for preparing high-quality graphene via chemical vapour deposition, which simultaneously protects the device from oxygen, water and reactions between internal components. To rivet the composite electrode with the semi-device, a thermoplastic copolymer is applied as an adhesive layer through hot pressing. The resulting devices achieve power conversion efficiencies of 24.34% and 20.76% (certified 20.86%) with aperture areas of 0.09 and 1.02 cm2, respectively. The devices show improved stability: 97% of their initial efficiency is retained after 1,440 hours of a damp-heat test at 85 °C with a relative humidity of 85%; 95% of their initial efficiency is retained after 5,000 hours at maximum power point tracking under continuous 1 sun illumination.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-022-01038-1

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