Carrier control in Sn–Pb perovskites via 2D cation engineering for all-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved efficiency and stability

Jinhui Tong (), Qi Jiang, Andrew J. Ferguson, Axel F. Palmstrom, Xiaoming Wang, Ji Hao, Sean P. Dunfield, Amy E. Louks, Steven P. Harvey, Chongwen Li, Haipeng Lu, Ryan M. France, Samuel A. Johnson, Fei Zhang, Mengjin Yang, John F. Geisz, Michael D. McGehee, Matthew C. Beard, Yanfa Yan, Darius Kuciauskas, Joseph J. Berry and Kai Zhu ()
Additional contact information
Jinhui Tong: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Qi Jiang: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Andrew J. Ferguson: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Axel F. Palmstrom: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Xiaoming Wang: University of Toledo
Ji Hao: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Sean P. Dunfield: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Amy E. Louks: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Steven P. Harvey: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Chongwen Li: University of Toledo
Haipeng Lu: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Ryan M. France: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Samuel A. Johnson: University of Colorado
Fei Zhang: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Mengjin Yang: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
John F. Geisz: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Michael D. McGehee: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Matthew C. Beard: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Yanfa Yan: University of Toledo
Darius Kuciauskas: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Joseph J. Berry: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Kai Zhu: National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Nature Energy, 2022, vol. 7, issue 7, 642-651

Abstract: Abstract All-perovskite tandem solar cells are promising for achieving photovoltaics with power conversion efficiencies above the detailed balance limit of single-junction cells, while retaining the low cost, light weight and other advantages associated with metal halide perovskite photovoltaics. However, the efficiency and stability of all-perovskite tandem cells are limited by the Sn–Pb-based narrow-bandgap perovskite cells. Here we show that the formation of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) structure (PEA)2GAPb2I7 from additives based on mixed bulky organic cations phenethylammonium (PEA+) and guanidinium (GA+) provides critical defect control to substantially improve the structural and optoelectronic properties of the narrow-bandgap (1.25 eV) Sn–Pb perovskite thin films. This 2D additive engineering results in Sn–Pb-based absorbers with low dark carrier density (~1.3 × 1014 cm−3), long bulk carrier lifetime (~9.2 μs) and low surface recombination velocity (~1.4 cm s−1), leading to 22.1%-efficient single-junction Sn–Pb perovskite cells and 25.5%-efficient all-perovskite two-terminal tandems with high photovoltage and long operational stability.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-022-01046-1

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