Metal oxide barrier layers for terrestrial and space perovskite photovoltaics

Ahmad R. Kirmani (), David P. Ostrowski, Kaitlyn T. VanSant, Todd A. Byers, Rosemary C. Bramante, Karen N. Heinselman, Jinhui Tong, Bart Stevens, William Nemeth, Kai Zhu, Ian R. Sellers, Bibhudutta Rout and Joseph M. Luther ()
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Ahmad R. Kirmani: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
David P. Ostrowski: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Kaitlyn T. VanSant: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Todd A. Byers: University of North Texas
Rosemary C. Bramante: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Karen N. Heinselman: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Jinhui Tong: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Bart Stevens: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
William Nemeth: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Kai Zhu: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Ian R. Sellers: University of Oklahoma
Bibhudutta Rout: University of North Texas
Joseph M. Luther: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Nature Energy, 2023, vol. 8, issue 2, 191-202

Abstract: Abstract Perovskite photovoltaics are attractive for both terrestrial and space applications. Although terrestrial conditions require durability against stressors such as moisture and partial shading, space poses different challenges: radiation, atomic oxygen, vacuum and high-temperature operation. Here we demonstrate a silicon oxide layer that hardens perovskite photovoltaics to critical space stressors. A 1-μm-thick silicon oxide layer evaporated atop the device contacts blocks 0.05 MeV protons at fluences of 1015 cm−2 without a loss in power conversion efficiency, which results in a device lifetime increase in low Earth orbit by ×20 and in highly elliptical orbit by ×30. Silicon-oxide-protected Cs0.05(MA0.17FA0.83)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3) (MA, methylammonium; FA, formamidinium cation) and CsPbI2Br cells survive submergence in water and N,N-dimethylformamide. Furthermore, moisture tolerance of Sn-Pb and CsPbI2Br devices is boosted. Devices are also found to retain power conversion efficiencies on exposure to alpha irradiation and atomic oxygen. This barrier technology is a step towards lightweight packaging designs for both space and terrestrial applications.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-022-01189-1

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