Reduction of bulk and surface defects in inverted methylammonium- and bromide-free formamidinium perovskite solar cells

Rui Chen, Jianan Wang, Zonghao Liu, Fumeng Ren, Sanwan Liu, Jing Zhou, Haixin Wang, Xin Meng, Zheng Zhang, Xinyu Guan, Wenxi Liang, Pavel A. Troshin, Yabing Qi, Liyuan Han and Wei Chen ()
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Rui Chen: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jianan Wang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zonghao Liu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Fumeng Ren: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Sanwan Liu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jing Zhou: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Haixin Wang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Xin Meng: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zheng Zhang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Xinyu Guan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Wenxi Liang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Pavel A. Troshin: Federal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences
Yabing Qi: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
Liyuan Han: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Wei Chen: Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Nature Energy, 2023, vol. 8, issue 8, 839-849

Abstract: Abstract Power conversion efficiencies of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on methylammonium- and bromide-free formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) perovskites still lag behind PSCs with a regular configuration. Here we improve the quality of both the bulk and surface of FA0.98Cs0.02PbI3 perovskite films to reduce the efficiency gap. First, we use dibutyl sulfoxide, a Lewis base additive, to improve the crystallinity and reduce the defect density and internal residual stress of the perovskite bulk. Then, we treat the surface of the perovskite film with trifluorocarbon-modified phenethylammonium iodide to optimize the energy levels, passivate defects and protect the film against moisture. The inverted PSCs simultaneously achieve 25.1% efficiency (24.5% from the reverse current–voltage scan measured by a third-party institution) and improved stability. The devices maintained 97.4% and 98.2% of their initial power conversion efficiencies after operating under continuous 1-sun air mass 1.5 G illumination for 1,800 h and under damp heat conditions (85 °C and 85% relative humidity) for 1,000 h, respectively.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-023-01288-7

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