Oscillatory solvation chemistry for a 500 Wh kg−1 Li-metal pouch cell

Shuoqing Zhang, Ruhong Li, Tao Deng, Qiang Ma, Xiang Hong, Hao Zhang, Ruixin Zhang, Shouhong Ding, Yongjian Wu, Haotian Zhu, Menglu Li, Haikuo Zhang, Di Lu, Baochen Ma, Ling Lv, Yong Li, Lixin Chen, Yanbin Shen, Rui Guo and Xiulin Fan ()
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Shuoqing Zhang: Zhejiang University
Ruhong Li: Zhejiang University
Tao Deng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Qiang Ma: Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.
Xiang Hong: Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.
Hao Zhang: Tencent
Ruixin Zhang: Tencent
Shouhong Ding: Tencent
Yongjian Wu: Tencent
Haotian Zhu: Zhejiang University
Menglu Li: Zhejiang University
Haikuo Zhang: Zhejiang University
Di Lu: Zhejiang University
Baochen Ma: Zhejiang University
Ling Lv: Zhejiang University
Yong Li: Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources
Lixin Chen: Zhejiang University
Yanbin Shen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Rui Guo: Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources
Xiulin Fan: Zhejiang University

Nature Energy, 2024, vol. 9, issue 10, 1285-1296

Abstract: Abstract Cation solvation is well understood in the bulk solution phase, but knowledge is limited regarding the electrode–electrolyte interface. The process by which cation solvation conforms to the interfacial field to form interphases remains unclear. Here we examine the synergistic effects of external and intramolecular fields on accommodating Li+ solvates to the Li-metal anode, leading to dielectric-mediated transfer dynamics on the interface. At charged interfaces, cation–anion pairs arrange in a periodic oscillatory distribution. A low-oscillation amplitude exacerbates the electrolyte decomposition and increases surface impedance. We propose a dielectric protocol that maintains cation–anion coordination with a high oscillation amplitude at the interfaces, addressing these issues. Accordingly, we demonstrate a Li-metal pouch cell with an energy density of 500 Wh kg−1 at the Ah level using an ultra-lean electrolyte (1 g Ah−1). Our study offers insights into solid/liquid interfaces that are crucial in advancing battery technologies.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01621-8

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