Vertical iontronic energy storage based on osmotic effects and electrode redox reactions

Feiyao Yang, Puguang Peng, Zhao-Yi Yan, Hongzhao Fan, Xiang Li, Shaoxin Li, Houfang Liu, Tian-Ling Ren, Yanguang Zhou, Zhong Lin Wang () and Di Wei ()
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Feiyao Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Puguang Peng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhao-Yi Yan: Tsinghua University
Hongzhao Fan: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Xiang Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shaoxin Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Houfang Liu: Tsinghua University
Tian-Ling Ren: Tsinghua University
Yanguang Zhou: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Zhong Lin Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Di Wei: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Energy, 2024, vol. 9, issue 3, 263-271

Abstract: Abstract Making salinity gradient energy practical is a great challenge. Despite recent advancements, the practicality of osmotic energy for portable electronics remains doubtful due to its limited power output and portability constraints. Here we report a method for optimizing the transport of alkali metal ions within two-dimensional nanofluidic channels and coupling it with tailored interfacial redox reactions to store the osmotic energy in a space of tens of micrometres within the cut edge of a polymer film. An ultrahigh output power density of 15,900 W m−2 has been achieved. By connecting the devices in series, commercial electronics can be powered due to the high volumetric specific energy density (9.46 Wh cm−3) and power density (106.33 W cm−3). This work introduces an approach for storing iontronic energy based on osmotic effects, providing a platform for developing renewable, ultrathin and safe power sources.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-023-01431-4

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