Quadruple the rate capability of high-energy batteries through a porous current collector design

Yusheng Ye, Rong Xu, Wenxiao Huang, Huayue Ai, Wenbo Zhang, Jordan Otto Affeld, Andy Cui, Fang Liu, Xin Gao, Zhouyi Chen, Tony Li, Xin Xiao, Zewen Zhang, Yucan Peng, Rafael A. Vila, Yecun Wu, Solomon T. Oyakhire, Hideaki Kuwajima, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Ryuhei Matsumoto, Yasuyuki Masuda, Takahiro Yuuki, Yuri Nakayama and Yi Cui ()
Additional contact information
Yusheng Ye: Stanford University
Rong Xu: Stanford University
Wenxiao Huang: Stanford University
Huayue Ai: Stanford University
Wenbo Zhang: Stanford University
Jordan Otto Affeld: Stanford University
Andy Cui: Stanford University
Fang Liu: Stanford University
Xin Gao: Stanford University
Zhouyi Chen: Stanford University
Tony Li: Stanford University
Xin Xiao: Stanford University
Zewen Zhang: Stanford University
Yucan Peng: Stanford University
Rafael A. Vila: Stanford University
Yecun Wu: Stanford University
Solomon T. Oyakhire: Stanford University
Hideaki Kuwajima: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Nagaokakyo-shi
Yoshiaki Suzuki: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Nagaokakyo-shi
Ryuhei Matsumoto: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Nagaokakyo-shi
Yasuyuki Masuda: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Nagaokakyo-shi
Takahiro Yuuki: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Nagaokakyo-shi
Yuri Nakayama: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Nagaokakyo-shi
Yi Cui: Stanford University

Nature Energy, 2024, vol. 9, issue 6, 643-653

Abstract: Abstract Achieving extremely fast charging yet maintaining high energy density remains a challenge in the battery field. Traditional current collectors, being impermeable to electrolytes, hinder the movement of Li+ ions and restrict the high-rate capability of thick electrodes. Here we conceptualize a porous current collector for energy-dense and extremely fast-charging batteries. This porous design allows Li+ ions to pass through both the current collector and the separator simultaneously, thereby reducing the effective Li+ transport distance by half and quadrupling the diffusion-limited C-rate capability without compromising the energy density. Multilayer pouch cells equipped with this current collector demonstrate high specific energy (276 Wh kg−1) and remarkable fast-charging capabilities at rates of 4 C (78.3% state of charge), 6 C (70.5% state of charge) and 10 C (54.3% state of charge). This porous current collector design is compatible with existing battery manufacturing processes and other fast-charging strategies, enriching battery configurations for designing next-generation batteries.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01473-2

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