Rapid temperature-responsive thermal regulator for safety management of battery modules

Jing Wang, Xuning Feng, Yongzheng Yu, Hai Huang, Mengting Zheng, Yunkai Xu, Junxiu Wu, Ying Yang () and Jun Lu ()
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Jing Wang: Tsinghua University
Xuning Feng: Tsinghua University
Yongzheng Yu: Tsinghua University
Hai Huang: Zhejiang Sanhua Intelligent Controls Co., Ltd
Mengting Zheng: Zhejiang University
Yunkai Xu: Zhejiang University
Junxiu Wu: Zhejiang University
Ying Yang: Tsinghua University
Jun Lu: Zhejiang University

Nature Energy, 2024, vol. 9, issue 8, 939-946

Abstract: Abstract Effective thermal safety management relies on the thermal conductivity of interlayer materials, yet current designs lack the needed responsiveness for both performance and safety. Here we design a thermal-switching material with high switching ratio from thermal conduction to thermal insulation state to address this predicament. The designed thermal-switching material exhibits a wide temperature range for heat conduction (1.33 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature) and can transform to an adiabatic state within 30 s (0.1 W m−1 K−1 at around 100 °C) when heated. When applied as cell-to-cell interlayers for a module with four 50 Ah nickel–cobalt–manganese lithium-ion cells, the material not only ensures a uniform temperature distribution under normal working conditions, but more importantly prevents 80% of the heat transmission from thermal runaway, effectively avoiding catastrophic battery explosion. We believe that this thermally responsive material design will ensure safety and high performance throughout the lifespan of high-energy-density battery modules.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01535-5

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