Interventions to reduce partisan animosity

Rachel Hartman (), Will Blakey, Jake Womick, Chris Bail, Eli J. Finkel, Hahrie Han, John Sarrouf, Juliana Schroeder, Paschal Sheeran, Jay J. Bavel, Robb Willer and Kurt Gray ()
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Rachel Hartman: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Will Blakey: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jake Womick: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chris Bail: Duke University
Eli J. Finkel: Northwestern University
Hahrie Han: Johns Hopkins University
John Sarrouf: Essential Partners
Juliana Schroeder: University of California
Paschal Sheeran: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jay J. Bavel: New York University
Robb Willer: Stanford University
Kurt Gray: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Nature Human Behaviour, 2022, vol. 6, issue 9, 1194-1205

Abstract: Abstract Rising partisan animosity is associated with a reduction in support for democracy and an increase in support for political violence. Here we provide a multi-level review of interventions designed to reduce partisan animosity, which we define as negative thoughts, feelings and behaviours towards a political outgroup. We introduce the TRI framework to capture three levels of intervention—thoughts (correcting misconceptions and highlighting commonalities), relationships (building dialogue skills and fostering positive contact) and institutions (changing public discourse and transforming political structures)—and connect these levels by highlighting the importance of motivation and mobilization. Our review encompasses both interventions conducted as part of academic research projects and real-world interventions led by practitioners in non-profit organizations. We also explore the challenges of durability and scalability, examine self-fulfilling polarization and interventions that backfire, and discuss future directions for reducing partisan animosity.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01442-3

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