Identifying modifiable factors and their joint effect on dementia risk in the UK Biobank

Yi Zhang, Shi-Dong Chen, Yue-Ting Deng, Jia You, Xiao-Yu He, Xin-Rui Wu, Bang-Sheng Wu, Liu Yang, Ya-Ru Zhang, Kevin Kuo, Jian-Feng Feng, Wei Cheng, John Suckling, A. David Smith and Jin-Tai Yu ()
Additional contact information
Yi Zhang: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Shi-Dong Chen: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Yue-Ting Deng: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Jia You: Fudan University
Xiao-Yu He: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Xin-Rui Wu: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Bang-Sheng Wu: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Liu Yang: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Ya-Ru Zhang: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Kevin Kuo: National Center for Neurological Disorders
Jian-Feng Feng: Fudan University
Wei Cheng: National Center for Neurological Disorders
John Suckling: University of Cambridge
A. David Smith: University of Oxford
Jin-Tai Yu: National Center for Neurological Disorders

Nature Human Behaviour, 2023, vol. 7, issue 7, 1185-1195

Abstract: Abstract Previous hypothesis-driven research has identified many risk factors linked to dementia. However, the multiplicity and co-occurrence of risk factors have been underestimated. Here we analysed data of 344,324 participants from the UK Biobank with 15 yr of follow-up data for 210 modifiable risk factors. We first conducted an exposure-wide association study and then combined factors associated with dementia to generate composite scores for different domains. We then evaluated their joint associations with dementia in a multivariate Cox model. We estimated the potential impact of eliminating the unfavourable profiles of risk domains on dementia using population attributable fraction. The associations varied by domain, with lifestyle (16.6%), medical history (14.0%) and socioeconomic status (13.5%) contributing to the majority of dementia cases. Overall, we estimated that up to 47.0%–72.6% of dementia cases could be prevented.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01585-x

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