A renewable and socially accepted energy system for astronomical telescopes

Guillermo Valenzuela-Venegas (), Maria Luisa Lode, Isabelle Viole, Alex Felice, Ander Martinez Alonso, Luis Ramirez Camargo, Sabrina Sartori and Marianne Zeyringer
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Guillermo Valenzuela-Venegas: University of Oslo
Maria Luisa Lode: Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Isabelle Viole: University of Oslo
Alex Felice: Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Ander Martinez Alonso: Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Luis Ramirez Camargo: Utrecht University
Sabrina Sartori: University of Oslo
Marianne Zeyringer: University of Oslo

Nature Sustainability, 2024, vol. 7, issue 12, 1642-1650

Abstract: Abstract Remote astronomical telescopes without access to the national electricity grid are usually designed to rely on fossil fuels without considering the social and energy needs of the surrounding communities. Concurrently, climate change concerns and fuel price vulnerability are driving the transition to renewable energy sources. Here we propose a socially accepted renewable energy system for a future telescope in the Atacama Desert, combining an energy system model with a participatory multi-criteria analysis. Our findings highlight the fact that various stakeholders, including local residents, the municipality, the existing local utility and observatories, prioritize emissions reduction, security of supply and reduced electricity costs. The results reveal that a system supplying renewable energy to the telescope could also cover 66% of a nearby community’s energy needs without additional capacity. Stakeholder inputs show that this is the most attractive solution by developing an energy system in which all the actors benefit. Replicating similar energy systems at nearby telescopes could reduce fossil fuel-based energy generation by 30 GWh annually, cutting emissions by 18–24 ktCO2e while contributing to energy justice. The proposed approach aims to promote social acceptance of renewable energy systems by involving stakeholders in the decision-making process, integrating benefit sharing among them and contributing to the region’s emissions reduction efforts.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01442-3

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