One-step conversion of biomass to reduced graphene oxide at room temperature

Duan-Chao Wang, Jin-Ze Lv, Shenjie Zhong, Yuhang Wu, Yang Liu, Sheng-Nan Lei, Hou-Yong Yu, Liangti Qu, J. Fraser Stoddart () and Qing-Hui Guo ()
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Duan-Chao Wang: Zhejiang University
Jin-Ze Lv: Zhejiang University
Shenjie Zhong: Xidian University
Yuhang Wu: Hangzhou City University
Yang Liu: Zhejiang University
Sheng-Nan Lei: Zhejiang University
Hou-Yong Yu: Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
Liangti Qu: Tsinghua University
J. Fraser Stoddart: Zhejiang University
Qing-Hui Guo: Zhejiang University

Nature Sustainability, 2024, vol. 7, issue 12, 1699-1708

Abstract: Abstract Although graphene and graphene-related two-dimensional materials (GR2Ms) hold much potential for various applications, the current methods for their large-scale production rely heavily on graphite minerals and energy-intensive techniques. Here we report a one-step dehydration–condensation method for the economical and green preparation of GR2Ms on a gram scale from biomass at room temperature under atmospheric pressure using only concentrated sulfuric acid. This protocol has been applied successfully to various types of biomass and carbohydrates, delivering a 33% mass yield of GR2M product. The properties of the product are consistent with those of classical reduced graphene oxide (RGO), with the twist that it does not need to be produced from graphite minerals. The mild reaction conditions substantially reduce the energy input, while providing a facile platform for monitoring the kinetics of RGO nucleation and growth. Compared with conventional methods, a 98% reduction in energy consumption is achieved. Overall, the results of this research pave a new avenue to scalable and sustainable GR2M production.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01480-x

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