The Effect of the Brexit Vote on the Variation in Race and Religious Hate Crimes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland

M L Williams, A Sutherland, V Roy-Chowdhury, T Loke, A Cullen, L Sloan, P Burnap and P Giannasi

The British Journal of Criminology, 2023, vol. 63, issue 4, 1003-1023

Abstract: This paper examines possible mechanisms behind the spike in racially or religiously-aggravated (RR) offences after the Brexit vote. It adds to the current literature in five significant ways: (1) it provides the first Brexit-related RR hate crime comparison between England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; (2) it reports on results from a national-level panel model that adds to the debate in the literature on whether pro-leave or pro-remain areas saw greater increases hate crimes; (3) it assesses the role of demographic characterises on the variation in hate crime; (4) it compares the effect of the vote with other ‘trigger events’; and (5) it uses social media data to control for variation in hate crime victim and witness reporting.

Keywords: hate crime; Brexit; race; religion; European Union (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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