The medium-term impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions. The case of the 1918 influenza in US cities

Guillaume Chapelle

Economic Policy, 2022, vol. 37, issue 109, 43-81

Abstract: This paper uses a difference-in-differences (DID) framework to estimate the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used to fight the 1918 influenza pandemic and control the resultant mortality in 43 US cities. The results suggest that NPIs such as school closures and social distancing, as implemented in 1918, and when applied relatively intensively, might have reduced individual and herd immunity reducing the life expectancy of people with co morbidity, thereby leading to a significantly higher number of deaths in subsequent years. It would be difficult to draw any inference regarding the predicted impact of NPIs as implemented during the Covid-19 crisis as influenza and Covid-19 are two entirely different viruses and nowadays’ pharmaceutical technologies can limit these medium-term impacts.

Keywords: non-pharmaceutical interventions; 1918 influenza; difference-in-differences; health policies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H51 H84 I18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Working Paper: The medium-term impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions. The case of the 1918 influenza in US cities (2022)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:oup:ecpoli:v:37:y:2022:i:109:p:43-81.

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