A two-layer evaluation model for operational performance of building integrated energy systems with combined weighting

Hao Dong, Jingwen Liu, Xiaobo Cao, Wenmo Wang, Yifei Li and Jing Luo

International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, 2025, vol. 20, 1256-1271

Abstract: Systematic research on the operational evaluation of Building Integrated Energy Systems (BIES) is currently lacking. This paper constructs a two-layer BIES evaluation framework covering six dimensions and 24 indicators. It uses a weight combination method with the fuzzy optimal-worst method for outer seasonal weights and the entropy-weight method combined with a cloud model for inner indicator weights. Case studies of two BIES projects in China show Project 1 outperforms Project 2, especially in winter, with higher integrated energy system efficiency and lower pollutant emissions. The framework provides a tool for technicians to display BIES indicator scores, offering insights into system optimization.

Keywords: building integrated energy system (BIES); building operational evaluation; two-layer evaluation framework; combined weighting; fuzzy optimal-worst method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:oup:ijlctc:v:20:y:2025:i::p:1256-1271.

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