The Agora model of innovation systems: S&T indicators for a democratic knowledge society

Rémi Barr

Research Evaluation, 2001, vol. 10, issue 1, 13-18

Abstract: ‘Mode 2’ research and the precautionary principle change innovation systems from the classical to the Agora model. In this model the actors in industrial innovation public research and sociopolitical subsystems tend to mix together, and the first phase of the knowledge production processes (exploration, hypothesis and controversies) becomes hybrid. The ‘Agora processes’ — foresight, technology assessment, socioeconomic impact evaluation and benchmarking, which ensure the proper interactions between industry, academia, government and social actors — thus become major aspects of the functioning of the innovation systems and a component of a democratic knowledge society. S&T indicators, as expertise input into the Agora processes, cannot make claims for truth, but have the unique capability of generating significant debates through the criticism they stir, which can make them socially robust. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

Date: 2001
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