A framework for the analysis of historical newsreels

Mila Oiva (), Ksenia Mukhina, Vejune Zemaityte, Andres Karjus, Mikhail Tamm, Tillmann Ohm, Mark Mets, Daniel Chávez Heras, Mar Canet Sola, Helena Hanna Juht and Maximilian Schich
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Mila Oiva: Tallinn University
Ksenia Mukhina: Tallinn University
Vejune Zemaityte: Tallinn University
Andres Karjus: Tallinn University
Mikhail Tamm: Tallinn University
Tillmann Ohm: Tallinn University
Mark Mets: Tallinn University
Daniel Chávez Heras: King’s College London
Mar Canet Sola: Tallinn University
Helena Hanna Juht: University of Tartu
Maximilian Schich: Tallinn University

Palgrave Communications, 2024, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Audiovisual news is a critical cultural phenomenon that has been influencing audience worldviews for more than a hundred years. To understand historical trends in multimodal audiovisual news, we need to explore them longitudinally using large sets of data. Despite promising developments in film history, computational video analysis, and other relevant fields, current research streams have limitations related to the scope of data used, the systematism of analysis, and the modalities and elements to be studied in audiovisual material and its metadata. Simultaneously, each disciplinary approach contributes significant input to research reducing these limitations. We therefore advocate for combining the strengths of several disciplines. Here we propose a multidisciplinary framework for systematically studying large collections of historical audiovisual news to gain a coherent picture of their temporal dynamics, cultural diversity, and potential societal effects across several quantitative and qualitative dimensions of analysis. By using newsreels as an example of such complex historically formed data, we combine the context crucial to qualitative approaches with the systematicity and ability to cover large amounts of data from quantitative methods. The framework template for historical newsreels is exemplified by a case study of the “News of the Day” newsreel series produced in the Soviet Union during 1944–1992. The proposed framework enables a more nuanced analysis of longitudinal collections of audiovisual news, expanding our understanding of the dynamics of global knowledge cultures.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-024-02886-w

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