Integrating industry 4.0 technologies for the administration of courts and justice dispensation—a systematic review

Hitesh Bhatt, Rajesh Bahuguna, Siddharth Swami, Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, Shaik Vaseem Akram, Lovi Raj Gupta, Amit Kumar Thakur (), Neeraj Priyadarshi and Bhekisipho Twala
Additional contact information
Hitesh Bhatt: Uttaranchal University
Rajesh Bahuguna: Uttaranchal University
Siddharth Swami: Doon University
Rajesh Singh: Uttaranchal University
Anita Gehlot: Uttaranchal University
Shaik Vaseem Akram: SR University
Lovi Raj Gupta: Phagwara
Amit Kumar Thakur: Phagwara
Neeraj Priyadarshi: JIS College of Engineering
Bhekisipho Twala: Tshwane University of Technology

Palgrave Communications, 2024, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract The judiciary is a foundation of democracy, upholding the rule of law and protecting rights. Efficient court administration is vital for public trust, justice, and timely proceedings. Currently, courts face challenges such as inconsistencies, adjournments, and absence of transparency, undermining the justice system. Traditional manual processes and paper-based documentation cause significant backlogs, slow resolutions, and limited public access. As case volumes and complexities rise, modernizing court administration through digital transformation is progressively critical. Currently, many countries are integrating technologies in the courts for its administration and other activities. In recent years, courts and judges have been subjected to pressure to improve performance, uplifting judicial effectiveness to a top priority. Subsequently, several countries have integrated simplification and digitization strategies in judicial initiatives to enhance court efficiency. Switzerland’s Justitia 4.0 and Brazil’s PJE are notable initiatives that focused to strengthen court administration through digitalization. These aspects motivated this study to examine the detailed integration of industry 4.0 technologies such as the Internet of things, cloud computing, blockchain, big data analytics, robotics, drones, Metaverse, digital twins, and artificial intelligence for court administration with digitalized infrastructure. According to the study, integrating these technologies in less complex cases helps minimize expenditures and save time, making to resolve cases conveniently, efficiently, and superiorly. The study also identified the challenges and issues associated with industry 4.0 technologies such as evidence gathering, evidence preservation, robot judges for pre-judgment analysis, and judgment delivery, which future studies need to be explored.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-024-03587-0

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