Spatiotemporal assessment of recreation ecosystem service flow from green spaces in Zhengzhou’s main urban area

Fan Qindong, Lu Qiaosu () and Yang Xiaoyu
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Fan Qindong: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Lu Qiaosu: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Yang Xiaoyu: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power

Palgrave Communications, 2025, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract This study investigates the urban recreation ecosystem services flow (RESF) to facilitate the matching of supply and demand, providing insights for urban layout optimization and enhancing human well-being. Based on a framework encompassing supply, demand, boundaries, direction, volume, and speed, we assess the RESF from green spaces in the main urban area of Zhengzhou City from 2010 to 2020. The findings indicate that: (1) Both supply and demand for recreation ecosystem services in the main urban area of Zhengzhou City have shown an increasing trend from 2010 to 2020, with demand concentrated in the city center. (2) A significant spatial mismatch exists between the supply and demand of recreation ecosystem services, with a severe undersupply in the city center and an oversupply mainly located in the city periphery. (3) The areas of bidirectional RESF have decreased. Areas with the highest inflow are typically large cold and hot-spot areas, while areas with the highest outflow are often large hot-spot areas. (4) The speed and boundaries of flows differ significantly across various modes of transportation. This research systematically evaluates the RESF and its spatiotemporal variations, providing decision support for optimizing urban layout and improving urban construction.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-025-04416-8

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