Tort liability for the application risk of generative artificial intelligence technology in the circular economy and financial industry: evidence from China

Quancheng Chen () and Xuemei Hu
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Quancheng Chen: East China Normal University
Xuemei Hu: East China Normal University

Palgrave Communications, 2025, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract This study investigates tort liability arising from the application risks of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in the financial industry and circular economy (CE), offering targeted management recommendations. The study is based on survey data collected from 60 companies, analyzed using structural equation modeling. The study first examines the frequency of risk events and legal disputes across companies of varying sizes. It identifies key associations between risk factors and legal liability, including the mediating effects of organizational and contextual elements. The analysis reveals that large CE enterprises experience higher rates of data breaches and technical failures, while smaller financial firms report more frequent legal disputes and data leaks. Data leakage shows a strong correlation with legal liability (coefficient = 0.72, p

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-025-05419-1

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